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'D%F3'F ,'&9 D' J4(9 @ FA3J'K @ EF #J 4J!. D' J16I (#J H'B9 #H -'D. 9/E 'D'7E&F'F JBDB 'D(41. 'D%F3'F E91QN6 /HE'K DD7H'1& H'D#-/'+. JD,# 'DI 'DE./1'* 'DE'/J) #H 'DFA3J) DJNB1QN ('DG. HDCF  D' B1'1. J3H9 H-/G 'DB1'1 H'D'E*D'! H'DCE'D H'D'7E&F'F H'D31H1 'D#(/J. D' .D'5 D9'DEF' 'D-'DJ %D' ('DF3C. 'D1G('F 3JO.D@QP5HF 'D9'DE (/H3*HJA3CJ). <br> <br> <p align="right"> <font color="purple" size="+2"> <B> 'D-H'4J</B> </font></p> <p align="justify" lang="ar"><font size="+0.5" color="black" face ="Simplified Arabic"> <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1 - '3(J1H ,(H1  3E9'F 'D9EH/J  -D(  1992. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2- JG*E Canivet H5-(G EF0 3FH'* (F41 "+'1 +J&H0H1J*H3 E9 *1,E) EF 'DJHF'FJ) 'DI 'DA1F3J)  E-BB'K 'DF5H5 'DJHF'FJ). HJG*E 'D"F (EF7B) #A'EJ) (E-'A8) -E'G) -J+ F3C +J&H0H1J*H3  DJF(4 "+'1G' 'D1G('FJ) H3H'G'. HC*( 3 "('! D'*JF 3 C*( H5/1* B(DGE ,EJ9'K C*( 1'&9)  E+D C*( 'D#( Festugière HVooleus H*4'DFCH H3H'GE EE' J1'G 'DEO7'D9 AJ +(* E1',9 CDM EF 'DC*( 'D*'DJ): <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Pierre Canivet, Théodoret de Cyr, Histoire des Moines de Syrie, Sources Chrétiennes (2 Tomes) 1977 <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Pierre Canivet, Le Monachisme syrien selon Théodoret de Cyr, Ed. Beauchesne, 1977. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ignace Pena& , Les Stylites syriens, Milano, 1975. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ignace Pena& , Les Reclus syriens, Milano, 1980. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ignace Pena& , Les Cénobites syriens, Milano, 1983. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3 - *B9 AJ EF7B) 'J3'A1J' Isavrie (*1CJ' 4E'D CJDJCJ'  D' AJ E9DHD'. DG' /J1 AJ E9DHD' AB7. HG0' +'(* (C*'( +J&H0H1J*H3 H.7() :1J:H1JH3 'DD'GH*J 21: 22  H#9E'D '3*4G'/G'. '9*E'/ 'D-B'&B .J1 EF 'D#HG'E. -*I 'D#( D9'21 EH1 HB9 AJ G0' 'D*HGQE AJ */HJF -J'*G' ('D'FCDJ2J) (D/JQ F3.) EFG 9DI "'D/C*JDH"). #F4#*O -/J+'K 3J1) 'D4GJ/) *BD'. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4- C'F AJ EF7B) /E4B -(J3 E4GH1 J7DQ 9DI 'DF'3 CD #3(H9  AJ4AJ #HDQ E1J6 JB9 F81G 9DJG (AJ E,'FJ 'D#/(  'D,2! 'D#HD  5 116 EF 7(9) 1956). DE #9+1 D/I Pena 9DI 0C1 DG. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5 - D:*F' 'D91(J) .'DJ) EF -1AJF #,F(JQNJF  D0DC '57D-* 9DI C*'() 'D#3E'! 'DJHF'FJ) 'D*J *-ED '3E 'DDG GC0' +J&H Theodoritos. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;6 - F-F E/JFHF (C('1 "('! 'DCFJ3) D#EG'*GE: ('3JDJH3 'DC(J1 H#.H*G H#EG *D'EJ0 ,/QN*GE EC1JF'. :1J:H1JH3 'DD'GH*J J0C1 #EG (-F'F C(J1 J4(GG AJE' (9/ #H:37JFH3 H+J&H0H1J*H3 'D3*H/J*J (#EGE'. #E :1J:H1JH3 ('D'E'3 .D'5) 'DF(D. A%F CF' *'AGJF 1H-J'K AJ 951F' ADJ3 'D'3*9E'1 'D9+E'FJ H3H'G H-/GE' 'DE3$HDJF  %FE' *1'.J #EG'*F' AJ 9EB 'D*BHI GH 'DE3$HD 'D#C(1. 'D(J* GH 'D#3'3. H'D#E GJ 1(QN) 'D(J* 'DED'2E) D#7A'DG'. CE' *219 *-5/. H'-31*'G!! <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7 - D' #91A AJ 41B 'DE*H37 1G(F) #5DJ) 9DI 'D71'2 'DB/JE 3HI /J1 E'1 3'(' AJ H'/J 'D#1/F (AD37JF 'D0J 21*G AJ 4/11/1946 H4/7/1947. GH /J1 E-'A8 9DI 'D*1'+ 'DF3CJ 'D3DJE. *(FI ,(DO "+H3 *J(JCHFG A5'1 *J(JCHF 'D9'DE 'D#1+H0C3J. 'D1'G( 'D1HE'FJ JH-F' :'/1G (9/ -JF H5'1 -(J3'K AJ H'/J 'DCD* 'DI #F B6I #,DG 5/QPJB'K. 3/I 'D1QG(F) HD-E*G' 2G/L AJ 'D/FJ' H'D79'E H'D41'( H'DEB*FJ'*  HF3CL H*B4A H5D') E*H'5D). HG0' EABH/ AJ 41BF' "'DEB/QN/" 1H-J'K C#FG AJ +D',). <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;8 - AJ 'D9'E 1977 #J6'K #5/1 3J'/) 'DE71'F AJD(3 5DJ(' (FJHJH1C) C*JQ('K ,1/ AJG #3E'! 'DB/J3JF 'D#F7'CJJF E9 DE-) 9F CDM EFGE  H0DC 9F 'D3FC3'1 'DJHF'FJ 9DI E' #8F: Harvest of Antioch. HG0' E' FA*B1 %DJG -*I AJ 'DH7F. HG/A 3J'/*G H'6- #D' HGH *13J. #F7'CJ) AJ 4E'D #EJ1C'  CE' 9G/ AJG 0DC 'D7H('HJ 'D(71J1C 'DJ'3 'D1'(9  A/9E *14J-G AJ 1966. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;9- FBDF'G' 9F Canivet. AJ 'DE5HQ1'* 'D,:1'AJ) H.1'&7 E-'A8'* -D( H'D,2J1) H'/D( HC*( 'D/'13JF H.1'&7 "D3'F 'D91( 'DE-J7" H,2! 'D.1'&7 EF 'DEH3H9'* 'DA1F3J) H'D'FCDJ2J) (/H'&1 'DE9'1A) J*91QA 'DE1! 9DI 'DEF'7B ,:1'AJ'K. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;10- C'F* '92'2 ,2!'K EF 'DBH14J) 'D*J C'F AJG' 800 19J). *B9 (13'/': 41B BH14  9DI E3'A) 5 CJDHE*1'* 'DI 'D4E'D H'D4E'D 'D:1(J EF (D/) '92'2. G0G AJ E-'A8) -D(. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11- 1',9 C*'(F' "'DEH'G( 'D%DGJ)". <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;12- AJ 3J1) 'DB/J3) *BD' :'1 'D#7('! EFG' A-'CH' E$'E1) 6/G'. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;13- +J&H0H1J*H3 0C1 9,'&( #,1'G' 'DE*H-/HF AJ -J'*GE. HDCFG DE J0C1 0DC 9F (D'/JH3 H2J(J'3 'DD0JF 5'1 B(1'GE' JF(H9NJ 9,'&( (7: 3 H24: 2). AD1(E' DE J,1J' 9,'&( HGE' 9DI BJ/ 'D-J'). <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;14- AJ C*( 'D#1+H0C3 'D7B3J) '3EG "'D4'71". AJ E9,E "D3'F 'D91( 'DE-J7" **9// E9'FJ DA8) "4'71". 'DEF,/ 'D#.J1 (1975) #+(* 'DDA8) AJ 5 387: "'D'(F 'D4'71": GH 'D0J 95I #('G H9'4 AJ 'D.D'9) (9J/'K 9FG  +E 9'/ 'DJG *'&('K". 'FE' G0' *91JA ('D'(F 'D4'71 AJ 'D%F,JD D' *-/J/ D:HJ DDA8). (96GE *1,E FBD'K EF 'DA1F3J) "E(01". H1/* 'DDA8) AJ 'DJHF'FJ) AJ DHB' 15: 13 H#A33 5: 18 H*J73 1: 6 H(713 'D#HDI 4: 4 (E9FI "'D.DJ9" H"'D.D'9)". <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;15- %F 'DB/J3JF GE #H9J) 'DD'GH* H'D1H-'FJ). #E' /J'1 (C1 (#H "E/ B/JE'K) AGJ AJ 'DB3E 'D0J ':*5(*G *1CJ'  (9/ E'1/JF  'DI 'D4E'D 'D:1(J EF 'DB'E4DJ. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;16- .DA 'DB/J3N ED'*JH3N 'D0J *HAJ AJ 'DE,E9 'DE3CHFJ 'D+'FJ (381). 'DJHE FBHD (71J1C #F7'CJ). <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;17- J9*(1 Canivet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br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;18- Canivet, Monachisme, P. 199n. 175 <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;19- 0C1G '(F 'DE39H/J AJ "'DF(JG H'D%41'A" (946) C/NJ1 C(J1 ,/'K. <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;20- Fliche et Martin, Histoire générale de l Eglise, Tome V, p.116 & 481 *95(H' ,/'K DD#E(1'7H1J) 'D(J2F7J) (9/ CD E' 4'G/H' EF E3'H& ',*J'- 'DA13 DDEF7B) AJ E7D9 'DB1F 'D3'(9  HFBD 9H/ 'D5DJ( 'DI A'13  %0 -'C 'DJGH/ E$'E1) .(J+) 6/ 'DE3J-J). <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;21- Mansi, VIII, 624 <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;22- 0C1 +J&H0H1J*H3 (JF 'DBH14JJF EH3I H/'EJ'FH3. F9JQ/ DGE' AJ 23 4('7. HGE' :J1 BH2E' H/'EJ'FH3 1 *EH2 #H 1 *41JF 'D+'FJ. 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